Advanced Placement (AP) Exam Preparation

Expert AP Subject Training for Competitive College Applicants

Advanced Placement (AP) exams are among the most rigorous standardized tests administered to high school students in the United States. Created by the College Board, each AP exam typically includes two parts: Section I features multiple-choice questions (MCQs), and Section II includes free-response questions (FRQs). These exams assess not only content knowledge, but also critical thinking, data interpretation, and academic writing skills.

Earning high AP scores—especially perfect scores of 5—can significantly strengthen a student’s college application, particularly when applying to selective American universities. At Presidio Education®, we specialize in training students to master AP subject material with confidence and precision. Our subject-specific programs are designed to challenge high-achieving students and equip them with the tools to succeed at the highest academic level.

We also offer free AP Diagnostic Tests (DTs) to help students and families identify strengths and areas for improvement. Please contact our Customer Service Team to schedule your student’s evaluation.

 
 

AP Exam Format: Traditional and Digital Testing Updates

What You Need to Know About AP Test Structure and Scoring

AP exams are typically divided into two main sections:

  • Section I – Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
    This section tests students on their ability to apply knowledge and analyze information. Each AP exam has a distinct number of MCQs and a set amount of time for completion. In traditional pencil-and-paper formats, students would mark their answers in pencil. However, in the new digital format, students will answer MCQs on a computer interface, where they will click on their answers.

  • Section II – Free-Response Questions (FRQs)
    These open-ended questions assess students' critical thinking and written communication skills. As with MCQs, each AP exam has a specific number of FRQs and a set time limit for completion. In the past, students completed these in pen, but in the digital format, students will type their responses directly into the system.

While the exam structure remains largely unchanged in terms of subject matter and timing, the digital format allows students to complete the entire exam on a computer, including both MCQs and FRQs. This shift requires students to adapt to digital testing environments, making it crucial for them to practice with online formats and familiarize themselves with digital tools provided during the exam.

Understanding the AP Score Range

AP scores are used by colleges and universities to evaluate your academic abilities. Here’s a breakdown of what each score means:

  • 5 = Extremely Well-Qualified

  • 4 = Well-Qualified

  • 3 = Qualified

  • 2 = Possibly Qualified

  • 1 = No Recommendation

AP Exam Schedule

Please review the current College Board AP exam schedules to ensure you're fully prepared for your test dates. Planning ahead will help you manage your time effectively and reduce last-minute stress.

AP Test Tips for Students

Key Strategies for AP Exam Success

To excel in Advanced Placement (AP) exams, students need to develop a strong foundation in both content and test-taking strategies. Here are some essential tips to help you succeed:

Mastering Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)

AP exams often require students to demonstrate advanced vocabulary, literary and rhetorical device knowledge, and the ability to make deeper inferences. Strong critical thinking skills are essential to answering MCQs correctly and efficiently.

Tackling Section II: Free-Response Questions (FRQs)

Section II may include passages, charts, tables, maps, or data that require careful analysis and clear, coherent written responses. It's important to practice these types of questions extensively and focus on developing strong writing and analytical skills.

Intensive Feedback and Practice

To perfect time management and writing skills, students should seek intensive, constructive feedback from trusted AP teachers. Practicing FRQs under timed conditions will help you manage your time and improve your ability to analyze and write effectively.

Time Management, Planning, and Organization

Strong organizational skills are critical. Students must develop effective planning strategies, prioritize tasks, and manage time well to ensure success on both MCQs and FRQs.

Taking an AP Course vs. Self-Study

It is strongly recommended that students enroll in high school AP courses for comprehensive preparation. For students who are not enrolled in AP courses, intensive self-study with private tutoring is highly recommended to ensure they are well-prepared for the exam.

Reviewing AP Score Distribution Patterns

Before selecting which AP exams to take, it is essential for both students and parents to review College Board's AP score distribution patterns. This helps students set realistic expectations and choose the exams that align with their strengths and goals.

 

Our Most Requested AP Exams

Top AP Subjects for High-Achieving Students Preparing for U.S. and U.K. COLLEGES AND Universities

Presidio Education® offers elite, one-on-one training for the most in-demand Advanced Placement (AP) subjects. These courses are essential for building competitive academic portfolios and preparing for university admissions in the United States and United Kingdom. Our expert instructors focus on high-level writing, critical thinking, and test-taking strategies—empowering students to master complex AP content with confidence.

Explore the subjects below to learn more about what we offer and how our students consistently score top marks on their May AP exams.

 

AP CAPSTONE

AP Capstone Program: AP Research & AP Seminar Prep

The AP Capstone program includes two courses—AP Research and AP Seminar—designed to enhance your research, writing, and presentation skills. Prepare for both exams with our expert coaching and comprehensive resources.

 

English

AP English Lang & AP English Lit Prep

The AP English Language and Composition exam focuses on writing and analyzing persuasive essays, while the AP English Literature and Composition exam emphasizes analyzing literary texts such as poetry and novels. We provide expert tutoring to help students succeed in both exams by developing strong writing, analysis, and critical thinking skills.

 

History

ap Euro history, ap U.S. history, & ap World history prep

The AP European History, AP U.S. History, and AP World History exams each focus on analyzing historical events, movements, and figures. We offer expert tutoring to help students understand key historical concepts, improve essay-writing skills, and prepare for the exam formats in each of these subjects.

 

Humanities

AP Human Geo Prep

The AP Human Geography exam focuses on patterns and processes that shape human understanding of the world, including population, migration, culture, and urban development. Our tutors help students build strong geographic reasoning and vocabulary skills to succeed on the exam.

 

Language

AP Chinese Language & Culture Prep

The AP Chinese Language and Culture exam tests listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills in Mandarin. We help students strengthen their fluency and cultural understanding through personalized practice and expert guidance.

 

MATHEMATICS

AP Calc AB, AP Calc BC, & AP Stats Prep

We prepare students for three separate AP math exams: AP Calculus AB, AP Calculus BC, and AP Statistics. Our tutoring builds a deep understanding of calculus concepts, such as limits, derivatives, and integrals, and statistical reasoning, with targeted support for each individual test.

 

NATURAL SCIENCE

AP Environmental Science Prep

The AP Environmental Science exam covers ecosystems, biodiversity, energy use, pollution, and sustainability. We help students build strong scientific reasoning and data analysis skills to succeed on both the multiple-choice and free-response sections.

 

POLITICS

AP Comp Govt & AP U.s. Govt Prep

We prepare students for both the AP Comparative Government and Politics and AP United States Government and Politics exams by building a strong understanding of political systems, institutions, and current global and domestic issues. Our tutoring emphasizes clear writing, key terminology, and effective test strategies.

 

SOCIAL SCIENCE

AP Macro, AP Micro, & AP Psych Prep

Our tutoring for AP Macroeconomics, AP Microeconomics, and AP Psychology helps students master essential concepts such as economic systems, market behavior, and psychological theories. We focus on clear explanations, real-world applications, and exam strategies to build confidence and results.

 

Presidio Education® Faculty, including Harvard University Alumnus, visiting Harvard Law School. Presidio Education®, 2024.

AP Capstone: AP Research

Independent Research and Advanced Academic Writing for Competitive University Admissions

AP Research is the second course in the AP Capstone program and is typically taken after successful completion of AP Seminar. Unlike traditional AP exams, there is no end-of-course test. Instead, students are assessed on their ability to design, plan, and execute an original research investigation on a topic of their choice.

Students are required to submit a 4,000–5,000-word academic paper (worth 75% of the total score), and deliver a 15–20 minute presentation with an oral defense (worth 25%). The oral defense includes 3–4 questions evaluated by a panel of three academic reviewers. This course is ideal for high-performing students who want to showcase exceptional writing, research, and critical thinking skills on college applications.

The global average score for AP Research from 2016 to 2024 is approximately 2.90, underscoring the exam’s academic rigor and the importance of expert guidance.

 

AP Research Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 12.6% 26.0% 47.5% 11.5% 2.4% 3.35 35,469
2023 13.3% 26.4% 44.7% 12.5% 3.1% 3.34 28,402
2022 12.6% 25.8% 44.3% 13.3% 4.0% 3.30 26,947
2021 13.7% 25.4% 42.4% 14.2% 4.3% 3.30 24,021
2020 8.8% 32.1% 31.5% 25.0% 2.5% 3.20 20,055
2019 10.7% 22.2% 43.0% 19.5% 4.6% 3.15 15,724
2018 11.4% 23.7% 40.1% 19.8% 4.9% 3.17 9,640
2017 16.8% 18.1% 35.4% 27.3% 2.5% 3.19 5,787
2016 11.6% 16.3% 39.3% 30.8% 2.0% 3.05 2,842
Source: College Board 2016-2024

AP Capstone: AP Seminar

Collaborative Research, Analytical Writing, and Public Speaking for University-Bound Students

AP Seminar is the first course in the AP Capstone program and is a required prerequisite for AP Research. This interdisciplinary course prepares students to think critically and collaboratively, analyze complex issues, and develop strong communication and argumentation skills — all essential for success in top universities.

From 2015 to 2024, the global student AP mean score for AP Seminar is approximately 3.11.

Assessment is divided into three major components:

  • A team project and presentation

  • An individual research-based essay and presentation

  • A formal end-of-course exam

For the team project, students work in groups of three to five to explore a real-world or academic problem. They submit a 1,200-word team-written essay and deliver an 8–10-minute multimedia presentation with an oral defense. This portion makes up 20% of the total AP score.

For the individual task, students write a 2,000-word argumentative paper, present their findings in a 6–8-minute multimedia presentation, and complete a two-question oral defense. This section contributes 35% to the final score.

The remaining 45% comes from the end-of-course exam, which includes four free-response questions (FRQs) to be completed in 120 minutes.

 

AP Seminar Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 9.4% 19.8% 56.5% 10.3% 4.0% 3.20 94,394
2023 11.4% 19.7% 53.9% 11.2% 3.8% 3.24 73,334
2022 11.6% 19.2% 51.8% 11.8% 5.6% 3.19 56,766
2021 11.1% 19.5% 54.5% 10.7% 4.3% 3.22 53,076
2020 6.4% 14.5% 59.8% 17.0% 2.2% 3.06 52,562
2019 7.1% 15.1% 58.9% 16.6% 2.3% 3.08 43,441
2018 8.4% 17.2% 57.2% 14.9% 2.3% 3.15 30,964
2017 6.7% 15.1% 65.0% 11.6% 1.6% 3.14 19,943
2016 6.6% 12.6% 53.8% 21.8% 5.2% 2.94 12,308
2015 4.9% 11.7% 58.3% 21.6% 3.5% 2.93 5,288
Source: College Board 2015-2024

English: AP English Language and Composition

Advanced Rhetorical Analysis, Argumentation, and Writing Skills for Competitive College Admissions

Commonly referred to as “AP Lang” or “APENG,” Advanced Placement (AP) English Language and Composition is the most widely administered AP exam since 2010. This course emphasizes deep reading, persuasive and expository writing, and sophisticated rhetorical analysis—skills essential for success in both college and professional communication.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 2.83, reflecting the exam’s difficulty and its focus on college-level literacy and writing skills.

The AP English Language exam consists of two sections:

  • Section I: A 60-minute, 45-question multiple-choice exam focused on rhetorical analysis and textual interpretation. This section accounts for 45% of the total AP score.

  • Section II: A 135-minute free-response exam that begins with a 15-minute reading period, followed by three (3) timed essays. These essays test rhetorical analysis, argumentation, and synthesis writing. Section II accounts for 55% of the total AP score.

Students are expected to demonstrate:

This exam is known for its high standards and challenging grading rubric—but with our training, Presidio Education® students consistently score top marks.

 

AP English Language and Composition Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 9.8% 21.4% 23.5% 28.8% 16.6% 2.79 597,097
2023 10.3% 19.7% 26.1% 29.5% 14.4% 2.82 562,328
2022 10.4% 21.1% 24.2% 29.8% 14.5% 2.83 520,771
2021 9.1% 22.9% 25.8% 29.3% 12.9% 2.86 518,548
2020 12.6% 20.4% 29.1% 26.2% 11.8% 2.96 332,272
2019 9.9% 18.2% 26.2% 31.2% 14.5% 2.78 573,171
2018 10.6% 17.7% 28.8% 29.3% 13.5% 2.83 580,043
2017 9.1% 18.3% 27.7% 30.7% 14.2% 2.77 579,426
2016 10.7% 17.6% 27.1% 32.1% 12.6% 2.82 547,545
2015 9.9% 18.3% 27.3% 29.7% 14.8% 2.79 527,274
2014 9.6% 17.9% 28.4% 30.1% 14.1% 2.79 505,244
2013 10.2% 16.2% 28.6% 29.8% 15.2% 2.77 476,277
2012 11.0% 20.2% 28.9% 27.9% 11.9% 2.90 443,835
2011 11.1% 20.0% 30.1% 27.5% 11.3% 2.92 412,466
2010 10.7% 20.8% 29.3% 27.6% 11.6% 2.91 374,620
2009 10.5% 19.0% 30.2% 28.4% 11.9% 2.88 337,441
2008 8.7% 18.2% 31.4% 30.5% 11.3% 2.82 306,479
Source: College Board 2008-2024

English: AP English Literature and Composition

Advanced Literary Analysis and Writing Skills for College-Level Success

Commonly referred to as “AP Lit,” Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature and Composition focuses on developing deep critical reading, analytical thinking, and sophisticated writing skills through the exploration of fiction, poetry, and drama. This course challenges students to engage with diverse texts, analyze literary techniques, and compose clear, thoughtful responses.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 2.66, reflecting the complex and nuanced nature of the exam, which requires not only reading comprehension but also advanced writing and literary analysis skills.

The AP English Literature exam consists of two sections:

  • Section I: A 60-minute, 55-question multiple-choice test, assessing students' understanding of literary elements, techniques, and themes. This section accounts for 45% of the total AP score.

  • Section II: A 120-minute free-response exam with three (3) essay questions. Students are required to write detailed, analytical essays based on works of fiction, poetry, or drama. Section II accounts for 55% of the total AP score.

Students are expected to demonstrate:

  • Mastery of literary genres, including fiction, poetry, and drama

  • Strong inference skills to analyze and connect ideas

  • Proficiency in grammar, syntax, and citation

  • Advanced analytical, narrative, and argumentative writing skills

  • Sharp time management, organizational, and planning skills for essay writing

AP English Literature is a rigorous test of both reading and writing ability, and Presidio Education® provides students with the focused, strategic preparation they need to excel.

 

AP English Literature and Composition Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 13.7% 26.9% 31.8% 16.5% 11.1% 3.16 389,272
2023 14.9% 27.9% 34.5% 14.4% 8.4% 3.26 359,043
2022 16.9% 27.3% 33.7% 14.1% 7.9% 3.31 339,401
2021 4.9% 12.0% 26.9% 37.3% 18.8% 2.47 321,029
2020 9.3% 17.3% 33.5% 27.8% 12.2% 2.84 200,575
2019 6.2% 15.7% 27.8% 34.3% 16.0% 2.62 380,136
2018 5.6% 14.5% 27.2% 36.0% 16.7% 2.57 404,014
2017 6.8% 16.1% 29.7% 33.9% 13.5% 2.69 404,137
2016 7.4% 17.8% 29.4% 33.4% 12.0% 2.75 405,446
2015 7.6% 18.2% 30.5% 32.7% 11.1% 2.78 401,076
2014 7.7% 17.8% 29.6% 33.0% 11.9% 2.76 397,477
2013 7.6% 18.8% 31.5% 31.7% 10.5% 2.81 385,576
2012 8.3% 18.0% 30.4% 32.3% 11.1% 2.80 380,608
2011 8.4% 17.8% 31.0% 32.1% 10.7% 2.81 367,962
2010 8.1% 19.1% 30.2% 32.6% 10.0% 2.83 353,781
2009 7.4% 20.5% 30.8% 31.3% 10.1% 2.84 332,352
2008 6.5% 19.9% 33.9% 30.6% 9.1% 2.84 320,358
Source: College Board 2008-2024

History: AP European History

Historical Analysis and Argumentation Across Modern European Eras

Commonly referred to as “AP Euro” or “APEH,” Advanced Placement (AP) European History provides students with a deep academic exploration of the major events, movements, and figures that shaped Europe from 1450 CE to the present. It emphasizes not only content knowledge but also historical thinking, evidence-based argumentation, and source analysis.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 2.85, highlighting the exam’s rigorous expectations in both factual knowledge and analytical skill.

The AP European History exam is divided into four sections:

  • Section IA: A 55-minute multiple-choice test with 55 questions, worth 40% of the total AP score. This section assesses students’ ability to interpret primary and secondary historical sources and understand key concepts across different periods.

  • Section IB: A 40-minute short-answer section with three (3) questions, worth 20% of the total score. These responses require brief but precise historical analysis.

  • Section IIA: A 60-minute document-based question (DBQ) essay, worth 25% of the total score. Students must use and analyze provided historical documents to develop a coherent written argument.

  • Section IIB: A 40-minute long essay question, worth 15% of the total score. Students choose one of several prompts to demonstrate depth of understanding and written analysis of a historical theme or development.

To succeed in AP European History, students must demonstrate:

  • Mastery of major developments, individuals, and events in European history from 1450 to the present

  • Understanding of historical themes such as European and national identity, economic systems, political institutions, and Europe’s interactions with the world

  • Proficiency in evaluating historical evidence, drawing connections, and crafting persuasive arguments

  • Strong time management, outlining, and essay planning skills under timed conditions

Presidio Education® equips students with the tools and structure needed to excel in this challenging course, from mastering content to refining the writing strategies essential for top performance on the exam.

 

AP European History Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 13.1% 33.3% 25.2% 20.7% 7.7% 3.23 83,226
2023 12.9% 21.3% 25.2% 29.0% 11.6% 2.95 81,788
2022 13.5% 21.0% 24.4% 29.7% 11.4% 2.95 80,152
2021 10.6% 19.4% 24.7% 32.5% 12.9% 2.82 84,237
2020 13.7% 20.1% 25.5% 29.2% 11.5% 2.95 94,312
2019 11.7% 20.5% 25.9% 29.4% 12.5% 2.90 100,655
2018 11.9% 19.9% 25.9% 30.0% 12.1% 2.89 101,740
2017 9.3% 18.6% 28.0% 31.9% 12.1% 2.81 105,347
2016 7.4% 16.0% 29.2% 35.1% 12.3% 2.71 109,031
2015 10.3% 17.3% 35.6% 10.7% 26.2% 2.75 107,267
2014 8.6% 16.9% 34.0% 11.8% 28.7% 2.65 110,297
2013 10.4% 18.8% 34.8% 11.0% 25.0% 2.78 109,878
2012 10.5% 19.2% 36.0% 10.8% 23.5% 2.83 108,854
2011 10.6% 18.7% 35.5% 11.6% 23.6% 2.81 107,392
2010 12.7% 18.4% 34.5% 11.2% 23.2% 2.86 102,629
2009 13.9% 19.2% 33.9% 11.3% 21.7% 2.92 101,359
2008 9.2% 17.2% 34.9% 12.1% 26.6% 2.70 100,648
Source: College Board 2008-2024

History: AP United States History

Analytical Mastery of U.S. Historical Periods, Themes, and Primary Sources

Commonly referred to as “AP US History” or “APUSH,” Advanced Placement (AP) United States History challenges students to think critically about the evolution of the United States across nine (9) key historical periods—from approximately 1491 CE to the present. This college-level course prioritizes historical interpretation, thematic connections, and evidence-based writing.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 2.71, indicating the high standards of analytical writing and source evaluation required to succeed.

The APUSH exam includes four main sections:

  • Section IA: A 55-minute multiple-choice section with 55 questions, worth 40% of the total score. This portion assesses comprehension of primary and secondary sources, contextual knowledge, and analytical reasoning.

  • Section IB: A 40-minute short-answer section with three (3) questions, worth 20% of the total score. Students respond to prompts using concise but precise historical reasoning.

  • Section IIA: A 60-minute document-based question (DBQ) essay, worth 25% of the total score. Students must evaluate a series of documents and craft a coherent, evidence-based argument in response to a historical question.

  • Section IIB: A 40-minute long essay question, worth 15% of the total score. Students select and respond to one prompt, demonstrating depth of historical understanding and argumentative writing.

To succeed in AP United States History, students must demonstrate:

  • Mastery of major events, developments, and individuals across nine defined historical periods

  • Understanding of core themes such as American and national identity, America’s global role, and cultural and regional development

  • Proficiency in analyzing historical evidence, identifying patterns and causation, and building structured arguments

  • Strong time management, planning, and written execution skills during timed essays and FRQs

Presidio Education® provides elite one-on-one APUSH training, guiding students through rigorous content, source-based writing, and critical exam strategies that consistently lead to top-tier performance.

 

AP United States History Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 12.8% 33.3% 26.0% 19.4% 8.4% 3.23 488,688
2023 10.6% 14.8% 22.1% 22.7% 29.8% 2.54 467,975
2022 10.8% 15.6% 21.9% 23.0% 28.8% 2.57 456,520
2021 10.1% 15.9% 21.2% 21.6% 31.2% 2.52 454,204
2020 13.0% 19.2% 26.6% 20.4% 21.0% 2.83 474,697
2019 11.8% 18.4% 23.4% 22.0% 24.3% 2.71 496,573
2018 10.7% 18.4% 22.7% 22.7% 25.5% 2.66 501,530
2017 10.8% 17.7% 22.3% 23.5% 25.6% 2.65 505,302
2016 11.9% 17.9% 22.5% 23.3% 24.3% 2.70 489,291
2015 9.4% 18.0% 23.7% 24.8% 24.0% 2.64 469,689
2014 11.0% 21.3% 20.1% 28.0% 19.6% 2.76 462,766
2013 10.6% 21.5% 21.6% 27.0% 19.2% 2.77 442,890
2012 11.7% 21.3% 21.6% 26.6% 18.8% 2.80 427,796
2011 11.1% 20.8% 21.0% 26.7% 20.5% 2.75 406,086
2010 11.0% 18.8% 22.8% 25.8% 21.6% 2.72 387,416
2009 11.0% 19.3% 22.1% 25.2% 22.2% 2.72 360,173
2008 8.5% 18.2% 21.4% 25.4% 26.5% 2.57 346,641
Source: College Board 2008-2024

AP World History: Modern

Mastering Global Patterns, Themes, and Historical Argumentation

Commonly known as “AP World” or “APWH,” AP World History: Modern explores global developments and interactions from 1200 CE to the present. This rigorous course emphasizes comparative thinking, thematic analysis, and argumentative writing—making it one of the most intellectually demanding AP humanities exams.

Students examine key historical trends across major civilizations through five overarching themes: Humans and the Environment, Cultural Developments, Governance, Economic Systems, and Social Structures. AP World also cultivates vital academic skills like evidence-based analysis, synthesis, and global contextualization.

From 2008 to 2024, the global mean AP score for this exam has hovered around 2.72, underscoring the exam’s complexity and competitiveness.

The AP World exam includes four main sections:

  • Section I-A: Multiple Choice (40%)
    55 questions in 55 minutes, based on primary and secondary sources including maps, charts, texts, and images.

  • Section I-B: Short Answer Questions (20%)
    Three short-answer prompts in 40 minutes, requiring students to analyze and connect historical developments.

  • Section II-A: Document-Based Question (25%)
    One essay in 60 minutes based on 7 documents. Students must construct a well-argued thesis using textual and visual evidence.

  • Section II-B: Long Essay Question (15%)
    One essay in 40 minutes from three thematic prompts. Tests a student’s ability to compare, explain causation, or trace continuity and change over time.

What You’ll Need to Succeed:

  • A solid grasp of key developments from 1200 CE to today

  • Mastery of thematic frameworks and historical reasoning skills

  • Advanced essay writing under timed conditions

  • The ability to draw global comparisons and contextual insights

  • Strong time management and organizational skills

Presidio Education® offers expert one-on-one AP World History: Modern tutoring to help students sharpen their writing, deepen their global awareness, and succeed on this challenging exam.

 

AP World History: Modern Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
202411.9%32.3%19.6%27.4%8.8%3.11379,385
202315.3%21.9%27.4%22.3%13.0%3.04350,353
202213.2%21.9%27.0%23.7%14.3%2.96314,716
20219.7%18.5%24.0%28.9%19.0%2.71302,232
20209.2%22.8%28.2%26.1%13.7%2.88302,942
20198.6%18.8%28.0%28.8%15.8%2.75313,317
20188.9%19.9%27.4%28.5%15.4%2.78303,243
20178.5%19.9%26.7%29.6%15.4%2.76298,475
20166.6%15.6%29.4%28.7%19.7%2.61285,351
20156.6%14.2%31.4%29.9%18.0%2.61265,308
20146.6%16.0%31.9%27.8%17.7%2.66255,699
20135.9%13.7%29.4%30.2%20.9%2.53230,107
20126.9%15.7%30.5%29.4%17.4%2.65210,805
20119.5%16.0%23.0%25.5%26.0%2.57188,417
20109.8%15.5%23.8%24.2%26.7%2.57167,789
200911.1%16.0%23.4%24.6%24.9%2.64143,426
20088.9%16.1%23.4%25.7%25.8%2.56124,638
Source: College Board 2008–2024
Note: From 2008–2018, this exam was titled AP World History and covered ancient to modern eras. Beginning in 2019, the course was revised and renamed AP World History: Modern to focus on 1200 CE to the present.

Humanities: AP Human Geography

Spatial Thinking, Global Awareness, and Real-World Geographic Applications

Commonly referred to as “APHG” or “APHUG,” Advanced Placement (AP) Human Geography introduces students to the systematic study of patterns and processes that shape human understanding, use, and alteration of the Earth’s surface. It is one of the most accessible yet conceptually rich AP humanities exams, ideal for students developing foundational skills in analytical geography.

From 2008 to 2024, the global AP student mean score for AP Human Geography is approximately 2.65, underscoring the exam’s demand for strong critical thinking and spatial reasoning.

The AP Human Geography exam includes two major sections:

  • Section I: A 60-minute multiple-choice test with 60 questions, contributing 50% of the total score. This section evaluates knowledge of core geographic principles and the ability to interpret maps, models, and data.

  • Section II: A 75-minute free-response question (FRQ) section with three (3) questions, accounting for 50% of the total score. Students must apply geographic theories and analytical reasoning to real-world case studies and visual sources.

To succeed in AP Human Geography, students must demonstrate:

  • Mastery of economic, cultural, political, agricultural, and urban geography concepts

  • Application of geographic tools, such as scale, diffusion, spatial interaction, and geospatial technologies, to practical scenarios

  • Interpretation of maps, graphs, satellite imagery, and infographics with critical insight

  • The ability to evaluate cause-and-effect relationships between human and environmental systems

  • Strong time management, organization, and writing strategies for the FRQ section

At Presidio Education®, our AP Human Geography training emphasizes clarity, accuracy, and logical reasoning to ensure students build a strong geographic foundation for both academic success and real-world application.

 

AP Human Geography Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 17.9% 20.5% 17.8% 14.3% 29.5% 2.83 262,253
2023 16.0% 20.0% 18.4% 14.0% 31.6% 2.75 247,043
2022 14.9% 18.7% 19.6% 15.0% 31.8% 2.70 221,815
2021 14.4% 19.7% 18.3% 15.1% 32.4% 2.69 211,735
2020 11.8% 22.4% 24.8% 10.9% 30.1% 2.75 128,741
2019 10.8% 18.2% 20.1% 16.7% 34.1% 2.55 225,235
2018 13.0% 19.8% 21.5% 17.0% 28.6% 2.72 216,783
2017 10.7% 17.3% 21.0% 17.1% 33.9% 2.54 199,756
2016 11.9% 20.1% 19.8% 19.1% 29.0% 2.67 184,663
2015 12.2% 20.5% 21.1% 16.7% 19.5% 2.69 159,609
2014 11.0% 20.0% 21.0% 18.4% 29.6% 2.64 136,448
2013 12.0% 20.3% 20.7% 18.6% 28.3% 2.69 114,361
2012 12.5% 19.5% 20.4% 17.8% 29.8% 2.67 98,679
2011 11.7% 18.2% 21.2% 17.5% 31.5% 2.61 83,841
2010 9.7% 16.5% 20.6% 17.4% 35.7% 2.47 68,397
2009 11.6% 16.7% 21.9% 16.6% 33.2% 2.57 50,730
2008 12.1% 17.9% 21.5% 18.3% 30.2% 2.63 39,878
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Language: AP Chinese Language and Culture

Fluency in Mandarin, Cultural Literacy, and Real-World Communication Skills

Commonly referred to as “AP Chinese,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Chinese Language and Culture exam assesses students' proficiency in Mandarin Chinese across listening, reading, writing, and speaking. It is designed for students with intermediate to advanced experience in the language and emphasizes both linguistic accuracy and cultural understanding.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score for AP Chinese has been approximately 4.34, making it one of the highest-scoring AP exams globally. However, strong scores typically reflect a combination of prior exposure, consistent practice, and deep cultural knowledge.

The AP Chinese Language and Culture exam is divided into two main sections:

  • Section I-A (Listening): A 20-minute multiple-choice test with 25–35 questions, worth 25% of the total score. This section evaluates aural comprehension through audio prompts representing everyday situations and conversations.

  • Section I-B (Reading): A 60-minute multiple-choice test with 30–40 questions, worth 25% of the total score. Students must interpret a range of texts including dialogues, public announcements, and cultural narratives.

  • Section II-A (Writing): A 30-minute free-response section with 2 tasks, worth 25% of the total score. Tasks include composing an email response and creating a short story or description based on a visual prompt.

  • Section II-B (Speaking): A 10-minute spoken free-response section with 2 tasks, worth 25% of the total score. Students must complete a simulated conversation and deliver a cultural presentation.

To succeed in AP Chinese Language and Culture, students should demonstrate:

  • Mastery of Mandarin Chinese communication in practical, social, and formal contexts

  • Proficient vocabulary use, grammar, and tone appropriate to the task

  • Understanding of both contemporary and historical aspects of Chinese culture

  • Cultural appreciation of Chinese products, practices, and perspectives

  • Confidence in both written and spoken communication, including spontaneous expression

At Presidio Education®, we support students in mastering the complexities of AP Chinese through rigorous instruction, immersive practice, and strategic test preparation—equipping them with the language and cultural fluency needed for top AP scores and real-world success.

 

AP Chinese Language and Culture Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 53.3% 19.4% 15.9% 4.9% 6.5% 4.08 17,905
2023 54.2% 18.8% 15.4% 5.0% 6.6% 4.09 16,495
2022 49.3% 19.6% 18.0% 5.3% 7.8% 3.97 15,277
2021 57.2% 15.5% 15.5% 4.6% 7.1% 4.11 13,122
2020 55.4% 15.5% 17.9% 5.1% 6.1% 4.09 14,663
2019 60.1% 14.9% 14.8% 4.0% 6.2% 4.19 13,853
2018 66.1% 12.2% 13.0% 3.7% 5.0% 4.31 13,825
2017 68.8% 11.7% 12.1% 3.1% 4.3% 4.38 13,091
2016 62.8% 16.4% 14.4% 2.7% 3.7% 4.32 12,524
2015 65.3% 16.0% 11.8% 3.1% 3.9% 4.36 11,633
2014 68.5% 14.4% 11.6% 2.8% 2.7% 4.43 10,728
2013 69.7% 14.6% 10.7% 2.3% 2.8% 4.46 10,121
2012 71.1% 13.2% 10.9% 2.3% 2.5% 4.48 9,357
2011 72.3% 13.9% 9.2% 2.1% 2.5% 4.51 7,970
2010 76.7% 13.2% 6.6% 1.5% 2.0% 4.61 6,388
2009 81.5% 9.8% 6.0% 1.0% 1.7% 4.69 5,100
2008 85.5% 8.1% 4.7% 0.8% 1.0% 4.76 4,311
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Mathematics: AP Calculus AB

Foundational Concepts in Differential and Integral Calculus for STEM Readiness

Commonly referred to as “AP Calc AB,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Calculus AB exam is designed to measure students’ understanding of core calculus concepts typically taught in a first-semester college calculus course. It is ideal for students pursuing science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM), economics, or pre-med fields.

The global student AP mean score from 2008 to 2024 is approximately 2.94, reflecting the rigor of the subject and the need for consistent practice, conceptual understanding, and mathematical reasoning.

The AP Calculus AB exam is structured into two equal-weighted sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice): A 105-minute two-part test with 45 multiple-choice questions, worth 50% of the total score. Part A allows calculator use; Part B does not.

  • Section II (Free Response): A 90-minute two-part test with 6 free-response questions, also worth 50% of the total score. Part A requires a graphing calculator for certain questions; Part B is calculator-free.

Success in AP Calculus AB requires mastery of:

  • Four (4) years of prerequisite high school mathematics, including algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and precalculus

  • Limits and their applications to model and understand mathematical behavior

  • Derivatives and how they describe instantaneous rates of change

  • Integrals and their use in solving problems involving area, accumulation, and motion

  • Theorems in calculus, such as the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

  • Strong analytical, problem-solving, and time management skills

At Presidio Education®, our instructors help students go beyond memorization. We focus on building deep conceptual understanding, applied problem-solving strategies, and speed under pressure—equipping students for both top AP scores and future academic success in STEM.

 

AP Calculus AB Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 21.4% 27.8% 15.3% 22.7% 12.9% 3.22 278,657
2023 22.4% 16.2% 19.4% 21.7% 20.3% 2.99 273,987
2022 20.4% 16.1% 19.1% 22.6% 21.7% 2.91 268,352
2021 17.6% 14.1% 19.3% 25.3% 23.7% 2.77 251,639
2020 19.5% 20.9% 21.0% 24.1% 14.5% 3.07 255,430
2019 19.1% 18.7% 20.6% 23.3% 18.3% 2.97 300,659
2018 19.4% 17.3% 21.0% 22.4% 20.0% 2.94 308,538
2017 18.7% 18.0% 20.8% 22.0% 20.4% 2.93 316,099
2016 24.8% 17.3% 17.4% 9.7% 30.7% 2.96 308,215
2015 21.8% 17.0% 18.6% 10.3% 32.3% 2.86 302,532
2014 24.6% 16.6% 17.7% 10.7% 30.5% 2.94 294,072
2013 23.9% 18.1% 17.3% 11.2% 29.4% 2.96 282,814
2012 25.2% 17.1% 17.4% 10.2% 30.1% 2.97 266,994
2011 21.4% 16.4% 18.5% 10.7% 33.1% 2.82 255,357
2010 21.2% 16.4% 18.0% 11.2% 33.1% 2.81 245,867
2009 23.0% 18.7% 17.9% 15.5% 24.9% 2.99 230,588
2008 22.1% 21.2% 17.9% 15.2% 23.7% 3.03 222,835
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Mathematics: AP Calculus BC

Advanced Calculus Concepts and Their Applications in STEM Fields

Commonly referred to as “AP Calc BC”, the Advanced Placement (AP) Calculus BC exam is a more advanced version of the AP Calculus AB exam. It covers all the content from AP Calculus AB and extends to more complex concepts, making it ideal for students aiming for careers in mathematics, science, engineering, economics, or technology.

The global student AP mean score from 2008 to 2024 is approximately 3.78, indicating the exam’s challenging nature but also the rewarding potential for students who invest in mastering both foundational and advanced calculus concepts.

The AP Calculus BC exam is divided into two main sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice): A 105-minute two-part test with 45 multiple-choice questions, worth 50% of the total score. Part A allows calculator use, while Part B does not.

  • Section II (Free Response): A 90-minute two-part test with 6 free-response questions, also worth 50% of the total score. Part A allows the use of a graphing calculator; Part B is calculator-free.

To succeed in AP Calculus BC, students must master:

  • Four (4) years of prerequisite high school mathematics, including algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and precalculus

  • All concepts covered in AP Calculus AB, including limits, derivatives, and integrals

  • Advanced calculus applications, such as infinite series, polar coordinates, parametric equations, and vector-valued functions

  • High-level problem-solving, analytical reasoning, and time management skills

Presidio Education® prepares students for AP Calculus BC with a comprehensive approach, helping them not only ace the exam but also build the critical thinking skills required for success in STEM fields.

 

AP Calculus BC Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 47.7% 21.1% 12.1% 13.9% 5.2% 3.92 148,191
2023 43.5% 15.9% 19.0% 15.2% 6.3% 3.75 135,458
2022 41.2% 15.6% 20.1% 16.4% 6.8% 3.68 120,238
2021 38.3% 16.5% 20.4% 18.2% 6.6% 3.62 124,599
2020 44.6% 17.6% 19.4% 14.1% 4.3% 3.84 127,864
2019 43.0% 18.5% 19.5% 13.9% 5.2% 4.04 139,185
2018 40.4% 18.6% 20.7% 14.6% 5.6% 3.74 139,376
2017 42.6% 18.1% 19.9% 14.1% 5.3% 3.78 132,514
2016 48.5% 15.4% 17.2% 5.8% 13.2% 3.80 124,931
2015 45.4% 16.4% 18.0% 5.5% 14.8% 3.72 118,707
2014 48.4% 16.5% 16.2% 5.3% 13.6% 3.81 112,463
2013 45.8% 16.1% 17.9% 5.7% 14.4% 3.73 104,483
2012 50.4% 16.1% 15.8% 5.4% 12.3% 3.87 94,403
2011 47.6% 15.9% 16.7% 5.9% 13.9% 3.77 85,194
2010 49.4% 15.4% 18.0% 5.8% 11.4% 3.86 78,998
2009 43.2% 17.6% 19.2% 7.4% 12.5% 3.72 72,965
2008 43.5% 17.4% 19.4% 6.7% 13.0% 3.72 69,103
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Mathematics: AP Statistics

Data Analysis, Probability, and Critical Thinking for Academic and Real-World Success

Commonly referred to as “AP Stats”, the Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics course is essential for students interested in business, economics, psychology, social science, public health, and STEM-related fields. It emphasizes data interpretation, statistical reasoning, and real-world application.

The global AP mean score from 2008 to 2024 is approximately 2.85, reflecting the exam’s analytical rigor and the importance of consistent preparation.

The exam includes two major components:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    90 minutes | 40 questions | 50% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    90 minutes | 6 questions | 50% of the total score

To succeed on the AP Statistics exam, students must demonstrate:

Presidio Education® offers personalized, one-on-one AP Statistics tutoring that helps students develop clarity, precision, and confidence—leading nearly all of our students to earn perfect AP 5 scores and top grades in their school coursework.

 

AP Statistics Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 17.5% 21.8% 22.5% 15.9% 22.3% 2.96 252,914
2023 15.1% 22.2% 22.7% 16.2% 23.8% 2.89 242,929
2022 14.8% 22.2% 23.4% 16.5% 23.1% 2.89 216,968
2021 16.2% 19.9% 21.8% 17.2% 24.9% 2.85 183,111
2020 16.2% 20.7% 23.1% 21.7% 18.3% 2.95 187,741
2019 14.7% 18.4% 26.6% 19.3% 21.0% 2.87 219,392
2018 14.6% 21.2% 24.9% 15.9% 23.4% 2.88 222,501
2017 13.6% 15.9% 24.8% 20.2% 25.5% 2.72 215,840
2016 14.3% 21.7% 24.9% 15.5% 23.5% 2.88 206,563
2015 13.4% 19.1% 25.2% 18.6% 23.6% 2.80 195,526
2014 14.3% 20.9% 24.5% 17.8% 22.6% 2.86 184,173
2013 12.8% 20.3% 24.8% 18.8% 23.4% 2.80 169,508
2012 12.5% 21.1% 25.6% 18.0% 22.8% 2.83 153,859
2011 12.4% 21.4% 25.0% 17.6% 23.5% 2.82 142,910
2010 12.8% 22.4% 23.5% 18.2% 23.1% 2.84 129,899
2009 12.3% 22.3% 24.2% 19.1% 22.2% 2.83 116,876
2008 12.9% 22.7% 23.7% 18.8% 21.8% 2.86 108,284
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Natural Science: AP Environmental Science

Sustainability, Scientific Inquiry, and Environmental Problem-Solving for a Changing World

Commonly referred to as “APES,” “AP Enviro,” or “AP Environment,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Environmental Science course focuses on the scientific principles, concepts, and methodologies required to understand the interrelationships of the natural world.

The global AP mean score from 2008 to 2024 is approximately 2.67, reflecting the exam’s broad interdisciplinary scope and the analytical skills it demands.

The AP Environmental Science exam consists of two sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    90 minutes | 80 questions | 60% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    70 minutes | 3 questions | 40% of the total score

To excel on the exam, students must demonstrate:

  • Mastery of core environmental science concepts, ecological processes, and global sustainability challenges

  • Ability to apply quantitative skills and analyze data, models, and visual representations

  • Critical thinking to evaluate risks, causes, and solutions to both natural and human-made environmental problems

  • Strong organization, planning, and time management under exam conditions

Presidio Education® prepares students to think critically about environmental challenges while training them to write with clarity, reason with evidence, and earn top scores on both their school coursework and the AP exam.

 

AP Environmental Science Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 9.2% 27.5% 17.4% 25.8% 20.1% 2.80 236,579
2023 8.3% 28.4% 17.0% 26.4% 19.9% 2.79 209,757
2022 8.9% 27.4% 17.5% 25.9% 20.3% 2.79 179,957
2021 7.0% 24.9% 18.5% 27.6% 22.1% 2.67 160,771
2020 11.9% 28.5% 13.0% 25.5% 21.0% 2.85 162,469
2019 9.4% 25.7% 14.1% 25.4% 25.4% 2.68 172,456
2018 8.8% 23.9% 15.0% 25.8% 26.5% 2.63 166,433
2017 9.5% 24.5% 15.4% 24.5% 26.2% 2.67 159,578
2016 7.6% 23.2% 14.8% 25.8% 28.6% 2.55 149,096
2015 7.7% 24.2% 15.1% 25.4% 27.6% 2.59 138,703
2014 8.3% 23.6% 15.3% 25.5% 27.2% 2.60 130,321
2013 8.0% 23.4% 16.8% 25.4% 26.5% 2.61 118,288
2012 8.9% 24.9% 16.6% 24.3% 25.3% 2.68 108,839
2011 8.9% 24.8% 15.6% 24.9% 25.8% 2.66 98,959
2010 10.4% 22.6% 17.0% 18.1% 32.0% 2.61 86,650
2009 10.4% 20.7% 18.9% 18.5% 31.5% 2.60 73,575
2008 11.7% 24.3% 17.6% 17.3% 29.1% 2.72 61,380
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Politics: AP Comparative Government and Politics

Global Political Analysis, Comparative Systems, and Critical Thinking Across Six Nations

Commonly referred to as “AP CompGov,” “AP CoGo,” or “AP Comparative Government,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Comparative Government and Politics course trains students to analyze and compare the political systems of six key countries: China, Iran, Mexico, Nigeria, Russia, and the United Kingdom.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 3.09, making this one of the higher-scoring AP exams due to its emphasis on analytical, rather than memorization-based, skills.

The AP CompGov exam includes two main sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    60 minutes | 55 questions | 50% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    90 minutes | 4 questions, including 1 argumentative essay | 50% of the total score

To succeed on this exam, students must demonstrate:

Presidio Education® helps students master the complexities of global politics and prepares them to engage confidently in analytical writing, rigorous discussion, and AP-level exam performance.

 

AP Comparative Government and Politics Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 16.0% 24.8% 32.1% 15.1% 11.9% 3.18 25,436
2023 16.4% 23.2% 31.2% 16.2% 13.0% 3.14 23,611
2022 15.9% 24.3% 30.3% 16.7% 12.9% 3.14 20,949
2021 16.6% 24.5% 30.7% 14.9% 13.3% 3.16 19,292
2020 24.4% 27.4% 18.4% 17.3% 12.5% 3.34 22,051
2019 22.4% 24.4% 19.2% 18.7% 15.3% 3.20 23,522
2018 21.1% 22.6% 19.6% 20.6% 16.1% 3.12 24,675
2017 23.2% 24.5% 20.4% 17.8% 14.1% 3.25 22,404
2016 20.5% 21.2% 20.4% 21.5% 16.4% 3.08 22,001
2015 15.1% 19.9% 21.7% 22.8% 20.5% 2.86 21,367
2014 19.7% 23.7% 18.7% 21.9% 16.1% 3.09 20,361
2013 18.9% 21.2% 19.7% 22.8% 17.4% 3.01 20,317
2012 19.3% 23.9% 18.6% 20.7% 17.5% 3.07 18,402
2011 17.4% 21.9% 20.4% 21.4% 18.9% 2.97 17,111
2010 18.1% 20.4% 21.1% 22.5% 17.9% 2.98 16,864
2009 19.8% 21.3% 20.9% 20.6% 17.4% 3.06 14,728
2008 19.6% 21.0% 20.4% 20.9% 18.2% 3.03 13,840
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Politics: AP United States Government and Politics

Mastering the U.S. Constitution, Institutions, and Civic Engagement for AP Success

Commonly referred to as “AP US Govt,” “AP GoPo,” or simply “AP Government,” the Advanced Placement (AP) United States Government and Politics course provides a rigorous foundation in the structure and function of American government, preparing students to analyze political behavior, institutions, and public policy.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 2.70, reflecting the exam’s challenging analytical and writing demands.

The AP U.S. Government and Politics exam includes two sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    80 minutes | 55 questions | 50% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    100 minutes | 4 questions, including 1 argumentative essay | 50% of the total score

To excel in AP GoPo, students must demonstrate:

At Presidio Education®, we train students not just to memorize facts—but to think like political scientists, argue with clarity, and write with purpose in high-pressure testing environments.

 

AP United States Government and Politics Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 24.3% 25.0% 23.7% 18.1% 8.9% 3.38 350,257
2023 12.8% 11.3% 25.1% 24.0% 26.8% 2.59 329,132
2022 12.0% 10.9% 25.8% 25.7% 25.7% 2.58 298,118
2021 12.0% 11.6% 26.9% 25.8% 23.8% 2.62 283,353
2020 15.5% 16.5% 25.5% 22.0% 20.5% 2.85 292,196
2019 12.9% 12.4% 29.8% 24.8% 20.1% 2.73 314,825
2018 13.3% 13.3% 26.4% 24.4% 22.6% 2.70 326,392
2017 11.1% 12.4% 25.7% 24.6% 26.1% 2.58 319,612
2016 12.3% 13.5% 24.9% 24.0% 25.2% 2.64 296,108
2015 9.7% 13.5% 24.7% 25.0% 27.0% 2.54 282,571
2014 11.9% 12.5% 26.4% 24.7% 24.6% 2.62 271,043
2013 11.3% 14.3% 26.1% 24.8% 23.5% 2.65 255,758
2012 12.5% 14.9% 24.8% 24.5% 23.3% 2.69 239,513
2011 12.6% 13.9% 25.1% 24.3% 24.1% 2.67 225,837
2010 12.5% 13.3% 25.4% 24.0% 24.7% 2.65 211,681
2009 13.1% 17.0% 25.4% 24.2% 20.3% 2.78 189,998
2008 12.1% 13.1% 25.2% 25.8% 23.7% 2.64 117,522
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Social Science: AP Macroeconomics

Understanding Global Markets, Government Policy, and Economic Theory for the AP Exam

Commonly referred to as “AP Macro,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Macroeconomics course introduces students to the principles that apply to an economic system as a whole. It emphasizes national income, economic growth, inflation, unemployment, and the role of government in stabilizing the economy.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 2.87, reflecting the course’s analytical rigor and conceptual depth.

The AP Macroeconomics exam includes two sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    70 minutes | 60 questions | 66% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    60 minutes | 3 questions (1 long, 2 short)
    Includes a 15-minute reading period | 33% of the total score

To succeed on the AP Macroeconomics exam, students must:

At Presidio Education®, we train students to approach economics like real-world analysts—breaking down abstract concepts into actionable thinking that earns points and builds confidence.

 

AP Macroeconomics Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 20.7% 20.7% 23.8% 20.8% 14.1% 3.13 160,741
2023 17.1% 22.9% 24.7% 21.6% 13.7% 3.08 148,836
2022 16.4% 20.0% 15.4% 15.1% 33.1% 2.71 134,413
2021 18.0% 19.6% 13.7% 15.7% 32.9% 2.74 124,436
2020 19.7% 25.0% 18.5% 16.2% 20.5% 3.07 122,639
2019 19.1% 23.0% 16.9% 14.9% 26.2% 2.94 146,091
2018 19.7% 22.6% 16.2% 16.8% 24.7% 2.96 146,673
2017 17.4% 23.3% 16.9% 15.8% 26.6% 2.89 141,649
2016 17.4% 23.4% 16.1% 17.0% 26.0% 2.89 134,638
2015 15.2% 22.2% 17.1% 17.0% 28.4% 2.79 126,267
2014 16.1% 23.2% 18.5% 17.5% 24.7% 2.89 117,209
2013 14.6% 23.2% 16.6% 19.1% 26.6% 2.80 108,219
2012 13.9% 23.9% 18.0% 17.8% 26.3% 2.81 99,903
2011 13.1% 24.0% 16.7% 18.2% 28.0% 2.76 90,134
2010 14.4% 25.6% 15.2% 16.6% 28.1% 2.82 83,146
2009 15.7% 25.2% 15.8% 16.2% 27.1% 2.86 73,817
2008 14.9% 22.7% 15.2% 19.8% 27.5% 2.78 68,009
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Social Science: AP Microeconomics

Mastering Market Behavior, Consumer Choice, and Economic Strategy for the AP Exam

Commonly referred to as “AP Micro,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Microeconomics course focuses on the decision-making processes of individuals, households, and firms in a market economy. Students study how economic actors interact through supply and demand, price mechanisms, and regulatory frameworks.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 3.12, making it one of the higher-scoring AP exams in the social sciences.

The AP Microeconomics exam includes two main sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    70 minutes | 60 questions | 66% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    60 minutes | 3 questions (1 long, 2 short)
    Includes a 15-minute reading period | 33% of the total score

To excel in AP Microeconomics, students must:

At Presidio Education®, we equip students with the technical precision and conceptual clarity needed to stand out on the AP Microeconomics exam—and beyond.

 

AP Microeconomics Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 22.9% 23.9% 20.8% 19.2% 13.2% 3.24 103,809
2023 21.3% 26.0% 20.6% 19.9% 12.1% 3.25 94,772
2022 17.7% 22.5% 18.8% 16.9% 24.2% 2.93 84,386
2021 18.5% 24.0% 16.6% 17.0% 23.9% 2.96 80,199
2020 23.3% 29.0% 16.6% 14.2% 16.9% 3.28 82,415
2019 24.3% 28.1% 17.2% 12.0% 18.4% 3.28 91,551
2018 20.9% 27.8% 19.1% 15.4% 16.7% 3.21 90,032
2017 23.5% 28.1% 18.0% 12.0% 18.5% 3.26 87,858
2016 17.8% 27.5% 22.0% 13.7% 19.0% 3.11 82,388
2015 19.1% 28.6% 19.4% 13.8% 19.1% 3.15 78,408
2014 15.9% 28.9% 20.7% 15.5% 18.9% 3.07 74,049
2013 18.1% 28.6% 20.0% 14.9% 18.4% 3.13 67,505
2012 16.6% 28.2% 20.9% 15.8% 18.5% 3.09 62,351
2011 16.1% 26.2% 21.3% 15.6% 20.8% 3.01 56,303
2010 16.6% 27.0% 20.2% 14.8% 21.4% 3.02 51,601
2009 17.9% 27.4% 19.7% 14.6% 20.4% 3.08 46,272
2008 18.1% 26.3% 18.8% 15.2% 21.5% 3.04 41,915
Source: College Board 2008-2024

Social Science: AP Psychology

Exploring Human Behavior, Mental Processes, and Scientific Inquiry for the AP Exam

Commonly referred to as “AP Psych,” the Advanced Placement (AP) Psychology course introduces students to the systematic and scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of humans and animals. It’s one of the most popular AP social science exams, ideal for students interested in psychology, neuroscience, education, or health sciences.

From 2008 to 2024, the global student AP mean score is approximately 3.07, consistently placing it among the more accessible AP exams for well-prepared students.

The AP Psychology exam is divided into two sections:

  • Section I (Multiple Choice):
    70 minutes | 100 questions | 66% of the total score

  • Section II (Free Response):
    50 minutes | 2 questions | 33% of the total score

To succeed in AP Psychology, students must:

  • Demonstrate a deep understanding of core psychological theories, concepts, and terminology

  • Apply psychological principles to real-world scenarios, case studies, and social behavior analysis

  • Understand and utilize scientific research methods, including experimental design, variables, and ethical considerations

  • Accurately interpret data, graphs, and research findings

  • Show advanced reading comprehension, analytical writing, and critical thinking skills

  • Maintain strong time management and test-taking strategy throughout the exam

At Presidio Education®, our expert instructors help students master the scientific foundations of psychology while building the academic confidence and skills necessary for college-level social science success.

 

AP Psychology Score Distributions

AP Score Percentages AP Mean Score Global Students
Year 5 4 3 2 1
2024 19.2% 23.1% 19.5% 11.8% 26.5% 2.97 320,164
2023 16.9% 23.2% 19.5% 12.4% 28.0% 2.89 321,329
2022 17.0% 22.2% 19.1% 13.1% 28.5% 2.86 292,501
2021 14.1% 21.2% 18.0% 15.2% 31.5% 2.71 288,511
2020 22.4% 25.4% 23.5% 9.6% 19.1% 3.22 295,621
2019 20.5% 25.3% 18.7% 13.5% 22.0% 3.09 311,215
2018 21.2% 26.3% 18.1% 14.5% 19.9% 3.14 311,759
2017 19.1% 25.1% 20.0% 14.6% 21.2% 3.06 302,369
2016 19.1% 26.1% 19.1% 14.2% 21.6% 3.07 293,350
2015 20.1% 26.2% 19.8% 13.1% 20.7% 3.12 276,971
2014 18.7% 26.9% 19.9% 13.5% 20.9% 3.09 259,789
2013 21.2% 26.6% 19.5% 13.0% 19.7% 3.17 238,962
2012 20.7% 26.0% 19.4% 13.5% 20.3% 3.13 220,361
2011 20.1% 26.3% 19.8% 12.9% 14.9% 3.24 197,719
2010 19.6% 26.6% 20.0% 12.7% 21.1% 3.11 177,708
2009 22.8% 26.9% 19.0% 11.9% 29.4% 3.22 151,006
2008 19.2% 27.5% 20.1% 13.4% 19.9% 3.13 132,728
Source: College Board 2008-2024